2. The Experiment
...as they admit also in the treatises, pure math does not work!
“If the strings have the same thickness and length and one produces a low note, which is a C, when it is stretched with a weight of 1 pound, the other must be stretched with 4 pounds to make it rise of one octave, insofar as the wheights are twice the harmonic intervals to which one makes the string rise; now, the interval of the octave is 2 to 1, of which 4 to 1 is the square [...]
It is necessary to further add to the aforementioned weight the sixteenth part of the larger weight, or one forth of the smaller, to achieve a proper just chord.”
from Mersenne....
So he also added a coefficient, even though he does not explain why...